{"version":"1.0","provider_name":"AsiaEdit","provider_url":"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant","author_name":"Jerome Chang","author_url":"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/author\/jeromeasiaedit-com","title":"\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1a\u6559\u4f60\u5f9e5\u7a2e\u627e\u51fa\u9069\u5408\u4f60\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7a2e\u985e - AsiaEdit","type":"rich","width":600,"height":338,"html":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"0xVj094eSW\"><a href=\"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/blog\/what-are-the-research-methods\">\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1a\u6559\u4f60\u5f9e5\u7a2e\u627e\u51fa\u9069\u5408\u4f60\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7a2e\u985e<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/blog\/what-are-the-research-methods\/embed#?secret=0xVj094eSW\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" title=\"&#8220;\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1a\u6559\u4f60\u5f9e5\u7a2e\u627e\u51fa\u9069\u5408\u4f60\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7a2e\u985e&#8221; &#8212; AsiaEdit\" data-secret=\"0xVj094eSW\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><\/iframe><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n\/*! 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Research\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u91cf\u5316\u53d6\u5411\u6216\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u900f\u904e\u6578\u5b57\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u63a8\u7406\u4f86\u9a57\u8b49\u5047\u8a2d\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u73fe\u8c61\u6216\u63a8\u8ad6\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u53ef\u63a7\u6216\u5927\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u8490\u96c6\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002 \u8207\u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u8108\u7d61\u8a6e\u91cb\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u6578\u64da\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8207\u91cd\u8907\u6027\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u6b21\u7d1a\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u6790\u6216\u6578\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u69cb\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u5927\u91cf\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4e26\u904b\u7528\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u8207\u63a8\u8ad6\u3002 \u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u8a2d\u8a08\u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u6211\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1f \u9a57\u8b49\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Experimental Design\uff09 \u900f\u904e\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u6d3e\u8207\u56b4\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u8b8a\u56e0\uff0c\u6aa2\u9a57\u8b8a\u9805\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u5728\u53ef\u63a7\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u6e2c\u8a66\u4ecb\u5165\u6548\u679c\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u5047\u8a2d\u3002 \u63a5\u8fd1\u5be6\u52d9\u73fe\u5834\u7684\u6e96\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Quasi-Experimental Design\uff09 \u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u5617\u8a66\u63a7\u5236\u5e72\u64fe\u8b8a\u56e0\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u806f\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u64cd\u63a7\u73fe\u5834\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u63cf\u8ff0\u73fe\u6cc1\u7684\u6a6b\u65b7\u8abf\u67e5\uff08Cross-Sectional Survey\uff09 \u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u8490\u96c6\u6a23\u672c\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8b8a\u9805\u5206\u4f48\u8207\u95dc\u806f\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u5feb\u901f\u638c\u63e1\u65cf\u7fa4\u7279\u5fb5\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u793e\u6703\u8da8\u52e2\u3002 \u8ffd\u8e64\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7e31\u8cab\u8abf\u67e5\uff08Longitudinal Survey\uff09 \u5c0d\u540c\u4e00\u7fa4\u9ad4\u9032\u884c\u9577\u671f\u8ffd\u8e64\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u8b8a\u9805\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u7a0b\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u6539\u8b8a\u6216\u653f\u7b56\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u63a2\u8a0e\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\uff08Correlational Study\uff09 \u5206\u6790\u5169\u500b\u6216\u591a\u500b\u8b8a\u9805\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e3b\u5f35\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u767c\u6398\u6f5b\u5728\u9023\u7d50\u6216\u70ba\u5f8c\u7e8c\u56e0\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dda\u7d22\u3002 \u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f \u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\uff08\u5927\u6a23\u672c\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\uff09 \u900f\u904e\u5927\u91cf\u6a23\u672c\u6536\u96c6\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u904b\u7528\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u95dc\u806f\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7528\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u65cf\u7fa4\u7279\u5fb5\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6216\u8b8a\u9805\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002 \u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08\u63a7\u5236\u8b8a\u56e0\u3001\u9a57\u8b49\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff09 \u900f\u904e\u64cd\u5f04\u81ea\u8b8a\u9805\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u6aa2\u9a57\u8b8a\u9805\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u6b21\u7d1a\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u6790\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u65e2\u6709\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff09 \u4e0d\u81ea\u884c\u6536\u96c6\u65b0\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5206\u6790\u653f\u5e9c\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u516c\u958b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6216\u65e2\u6709\u8abf\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7bc0\u7701\u6642\u9593\u8207\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u505a\u653f\u7b56\u8a55\u4f30\u6216\u9577\u671f\u8da8\u52e2\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u6578\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u69cb\u6216\u6a21\u64ec \u5efa\u7acb\u6578\u5b78\u516c\u5f0f\u6216\u96fb\u8166\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u64ec\u73fe\u8c61\u904b\u4f5c\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u9077\u7b49\u9700\u9810\u6e2c\u6216\u512a\u5316\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u9069\u5408\uff1a\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u884c\u92b7\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u300c\u6e2c\u91cf\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6bd4\u8f03\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9a57\u8b49\u5047\u8a2d\u300d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002 2. \u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff08Qualitative Research\uff09 \u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff08Qualitative Research\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u8cea\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u8108\u7d61\u3002 \u8207\u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u91cd\u6578\u64da\u7d71\u8a08\u8207\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6df1\u5c64\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8a2a\u8ac7\u3001\u53c3\u8207\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8490\u96c6\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u5f71\u50cf\u7b49\u975e\u6578\u503c\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u6b78\u7d0d\u8207\u8a6e\u91cb\u3002 5\u500b\u5e38\u898b\u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a \u7406\u89e3\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\uff08Phenomenology\uff09 \u63a2\u8a0e\u4eba\u5011\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u7d93\u9a57\u300d\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6703\u9080\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u6df1\u5165\u63cf\u8ff0\u5167\u5728\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4e26\u5617\u8a66\u64f1\u7f6e\u81ea\u8eab\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u771f\u5be6\u7d93\u9a57\u3002 \u5f9e\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u9577\u51fa\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7d2e\u6839\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Grounded Theory\uff09 \u5148\u5927\u91cf\u8490\u96c6\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u518d\u900f\u904e\u7de8\u78bc\u8207\u6b78\u7d0d\uff0c\u8b93\u7406\u8ad6\u81ea\u7136\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u8b8a\u52d5\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u65e2\u6709\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u9818\u57df\u3002 \u8d70\u5165\u6587\u5316\u73fe\u5834\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\uff08Ethnography\uff09 \u900f\u904e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u8207\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u908f\u8f2f\u3002 \u9069\u5408\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7279\u5b9a\u65cf\u7fa4\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u6216\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002 \u6df1\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u500b\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5\uff08Case [&hellip;]"}