{"version":"1.0","provider_name":"AsiaEdit","provider_url":"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant","author_name":"Jerome Chang","author_url":"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/author\/jeromeasiaedit-com","title":"\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4e09\u8005\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f - AsiaEdit","type":"rich","width":600,"height":338,"html":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"4ToXZJHmqM\"><a href=\"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/blog\/empirical-research-prospective-research-generational-research\">\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4e09\u8005\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"https:\/\/asiaedit.com\/zh-hant\/blog\/empirical-research-prospective-research-generational-research\/embed#?secret=4ToXZJHmqM\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" title=\"&#8220;\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4e09\u8005\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f&#8221; &#8212; AsiaEdit\" data-secret=\"4ToXZJHmqM\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><\/iframe><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n\/*! This file is auto-generated *\/\n!function(d,l){\"use strict\";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&\"undefined\"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!\/[^a-zA-Z0-9]\/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),c=new RegExp(\"^https?:$\",\"i\"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display=\"none\";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute(\"style\"),\"height\"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):\"link\"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute(\"src\")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener(\"message\",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){for(var 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\u7bc4\u7587\u6700\u5927 \u6307\u4e00\u5207\u4ee5\u5be6\u969b\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u91cf\u6e2c\u7b49\u8b49\u64da\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u9760\u7406\u8ad6\u63a8\u8ad6\u6216\u7d14\u6587\u737b\u8a55\u8ad6\u3002 \u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u3001\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u3002 2. \u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff08Prospective study\uff09 \u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a2d\u8a08\u53d6\u5411 \u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u5f9e\u73fe\u5728\u6216\u67d0\u500b\u57fa\u6e96\u9ede\u5f80\u672a\u4f86\u8ffd\u8e64\u3002 \u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u8ffd\u8e64\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba 10 \u5e74\uff0c\u770b\u8ab0\u6703\u5f97\u5fc3\u81df\u75c5\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\uff08\u7d66\u85e5\u2192\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d50\u679c\uff09\u3002 3. \u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff08Cohort study\uff09 \u5c6c\u65bc\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u8a2d\u8a08\u70ba\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\uff09 \u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\uff08cohort\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u540c\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u540c\u6a23\u63a5\u89f8\u904e\u67d0\u7a2e\u8077\u696d\u5371\u5bb3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8ffd\u8e64\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5167\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u8b8a\u5316\u3002 \u591a\u7528\u65bc\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u8207\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u3002 \u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u55ce\uff1f \u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4f46\u5169\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u6703\u91cd\u758a\u3002 \u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff08prospective study\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08\u5f9e\u73fe\u5728\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e64\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u672a\u4f86\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8207\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5148\u8a18\u9304\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u578b\u614b\uff0c\u518d\u8ffd\u8e64\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5426\u767c\u751f\u7279\u5b9a\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u300c\u5f9e\u73fe\u5728\u5f80\u672a\u4f86\u770b\u300d\u3002 \u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff08cohort study\uff09\u5247\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u7fa4\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u4e16\u4ee3\uff0ccohort\uff09\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e64\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5167\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u614b\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u7684\uff08retrospective cohort study\uff0c\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5f80\u5f8c\u8ffd\u8e64\uff09\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff1a \u6240\u6709\u7684\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u4f46\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u4e5f\u662f\u524d\u77bb\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u3002 \u4e16\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u985e\u578b\u7684\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u6216\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3001\u9577\u671f\u8ffd\u8e64\u300d\u3002 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\uff1f \u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\uff08empirical 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\u5be6\u8b49\u578b\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u7a2e\u985e \u5be6\u8b49\u578b\u8ad6\u6587\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u5e7e\u7a2e\uff1a \u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6578\u503c\u8cc7\u6599\uff08\u554f\u5377\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u6e2c\u91cf\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u6578\u64da\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002 [&hellip;]"}